Topical Issues of Applied Chemistry Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Topical Issues of Applied Chemistry - Assignment Example Light with a wavelength of 220nm has been emitted from an atom. From what energy level could the electron fall if its final energy state was n=2.=When fast-moving electrons hit target metal, the inner core electrons in the atoms of the target metal get ‘excited’ and move from the first orbit (n=1) to say the second orbit (n=2) or third orbit (n=3). The electrons have moved from a lower energy level to a higher energy level. Hence from the question, the electron falls from the n=3 energy level.0g-ice cube at 00C is added to 50.0g of water at 25.00C. Find the final temperature of the mixture.   Answer:   Ice = mass x latent heat of fusion of ice (h)   Ã‚  Ã‚     Ã‚  = 10gx320=3200joules, h=320joules /gram, Water = MC∆T  Ã‚  Ã‚   = 10x4.2x25=1050, Total heat supplied = 1050=3200=4250joules. Therefore  Ã‚   60g x 4.2 x T = 4250. T= 4250/252 = 16.870C   Answer:   Ice = mass x latent heat of fusion of ice (h)   Ã‚  Ã‚     Ã‚  = 10gx320=3200joules, h=320joules /gram, Water = MC∆T  Ã‚  Ã‚   = 10x4.2x25=1050, Total heat supplied = 1050=3200=4250joules. Therefore  Ã‚   60g x 4.2 x T = 4250. T= 4250/252 = 16.870C   Pure hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) is a bit thick in consistency and its boiling point is 1520 The atoms in hydrogen peroxide are in the order HOOH in terms of intermolecular forces, why does hydrogen peroxide have different physical properties than water?   Answer:   H2)2 structure is H-O-O-H. The two behave like isomers (have the same molecular formula but different structure)For isomers:-   H2O2 – Has more bonds hence more intermolecular forces making it have a higher boiling point since more energy is needed to break the bonds.Which of the following has the highest boiling point; Hcl, Ar, F2. Explain in terms of intermolecular forces.  Ã‚   Answer:   HCL= 2.8.7, Ar=2.8.8, F2= 2.7.The forces of attraction between molecules increase with the increase in the size of the molecules.In Argon there is a weak force of attraction between the atoms hence the low boiling point. For Hcl, the chlorine gas alone has a boiling point of –350C. Therefore chlorine has a higher boiling point than fluorine, which is of the same group because of an increase in the size of the molecule in chlorine.When chlorine reacts with hydrogen to from Hcl, a covalent bond is created. This bond is stronger than the forces of attraction between molecules and therefore require more energy to break hence higher boiling point.It should be noted that these are gases and gases have a low boiling point. Hcl can form HCl acid, which is a liquid with a high boiling point. Therefore Hcl is had the highest boiling point followed by Argon and F2 has the lowest.

Cyber Attacks and Politics from a technological and security Essay

Cyber Attacks and Politics from a technological and security perspectives - Essay Example The act of cyber attack is commonly known as the computer network attack (CNA). Politics encompasses the manner in which a nation or political entity is being governed. The term is primarily concerned with the controlling and the administration of the internal and the external affairs of that particular entity. In addition, this term is also applicable in other institutions such as religious or academic with regards to how authority and power is exercised within them and the tactics as well as the methods applied in the formulation and application of policies for the organization. This paper will focus on establishing the cyber attacks acts and politics from either the technological or security point of view. The government of all nations should put in place effective cyber security measures. These should be specifically aimed at detecting and combating all acts of cyber attacks, especially cyber terrorism. This can be done by governments allotting adequate funds to the relevant entities such as the ministry of defense to enable it counter attacks such acts. Cyber security deals with the protection of information and information systems against the significant threats that global computer networks face. Some of these threats include cyber terrorism, cyber espionage and cyber warfare (Czosseck & Geers, 2009). These threats are mainly targeted towards the political, infrastructure and military assets of the nation or at other time people within it. Cyber security is a highly critical issue that nation’s government should enact appropriate strategies of security to handle (Macaulay, 2009). For instance, the federal government of the United State embarked on allotting more than $ 13 billion each year from the year 2010 to cater for the Cyber security. The reason why governments should be concerned with the issue of cyber security with regards to terrorism is because terrorists groups use the